Kung Fu Movies, Where They Came From And Where They Are Going
Kung Fu movies or martial arts films are a type of action film in which highly choreographed fight scenes are the central attraction. Stories are in the heroic line, with the lead character usually overcoming insurmountable odds through superior fighting skills. This genre sometimes incorporates humor, often of the slapstick variety.
These days, the most authentic element in the martial arts is the training sequences common to the genre. For fans, the knowledge that human beings were actually performing the stunts on screen gave these low budget features an edge. That edge began to be blunted in the last decade of the 20th century.
Two developments, wire work and digital film making, have fundamentally changed the martial arts movie over the past fifteen years. In wire work, a harness is hidden under an actors costume. Thin, strong wires run from the harness to a pulley system overhead. Wire work fight sequences create the spectacular illusion of fighters unencumbered by gravity. Typically these feats are attributed to the fighting skills of the characters rather than to super powers.
Adding digital film making technology allows filmmakers to digitally erase all trace of the riggings. Wire work was appropriate by Hollywood toward the end of the decade. In the west, the mass market received its first exposure to the wonders of wire work combined with digital technology in 1999s The Matrix. Hong Kong martial arts choreographer Yuen Woo-ping was the genius behind the movies wire sequences.
The earliest known example of the martial arts movie was the 1928 Chinese silent film, The Burning of the Red Lotus Temple. Twenty-seven hours in length, it is said to be the longest movie ever released. The film was cut into 18 segments and released as a serial between 1928 until 1931.
The loss of the edge that traditional martial arts movies have because the audience knows a real person is truly risking their life is lost in the digital age. We can expect to see more attention paid to what was nominally expendable up to now. These would be things like character development and plot development. We saw the start of this with Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon in 2000. Tarantino further degraded the genre with his largely failed attempts to create Kung-Fu kitsch in his Kill Bill films.
Kung Fu is a centuries-old Chinese school of marital arts. It includes many, many styles of fighting. For this reason, Kung Fu fighters are particularly suited to action films. They can use whatever fighting style most suits the directors vision. Even today, over eighty years after the genre first appeared, the fighting styles most used in martial arts cinema are those of the Kung Fu discipline.
A principle part of the attraction of traditional martial arts movies made in the Far East is, because they are low budget, real martial artists are used as actors. The gives the action sequences a credibility they could not achieve otherwise. With the development of computer generated effects and digital filming, there is a danger that this authenticity will soon be lost forever. Kung Fu Movies, in the traditional since of the word, may soon only exist in the same dusty bin as Hopalong Cassidy, Roy Rodgers and the Lone Ranger.
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